BEYOND THE GENDER BINARY From 1954 to 1999 the advertisement of the Marlborough man, a rugged lean cowboy smoking a cigarette became the symbol of masculinity. The strong and silent Wild West man, as Lydia R. Cooper suggests, “ identifies himself as that other against all others” - the wilderness, the native tribes and women. To post World War II American Culture is also ascribed, by Daniel Wickberg, the term homophobia, first coined by the psychologist George Weinberg. Literally meaning the fear of sameness, homophobia was described as a disease as well as an attitude. Wickberg places this against the back drop of the Jewish holocaust, which generated a collective guilt in western culture of tacitly condoning extreme prejudice. The post war years saw all sorts of liberalizing movements – in particular, the Civil Rights Movement, Women’s Rights, and Gay Rights. R.D. Laing even suggested that schizophrenia was the true voice of freedom in an insane restrictive world. As with ...